The choice of a photovoltaic (PV) structure is a crucial part of the installation process, directly influencing the stability, efficiency, and durability of the entire system. A well-selected structure ensures the safe mounting of panels, tailored to local conditions and the specific needs of the user. In this article, we present the most important aspects to consider when selecting a PV structure.
Types of Photovoltaic Structures
Photovoltaic structures can be divided into several basic types, depending on the installation location:
1. Rooftop Structures
Designed for mounting panels on building roofs, they are especially popular for residential and commercial installations. Rooftop structures vary depending on the roof type:
- Sloped Roofs – Require specialized mounting systems that securely hold the panels at the correct angle, ensuring resistance to wind and snow loads.
- Flat Roofs – Allow for the placement of panels at an optimal angle, maximizing energy efficiency. Thanks to flexible systems, the panel orientation can be easily adjusted, which is particularly important in regions like Poland.
2. Ground-Mounted Structures
Used when rooftop installations are not feasible or less effective. Ground-mounted structures offer greater flexibility in panel positioning, allowing optimization of tilt angles and spacing. They are also easier to maintain and service.
Factors Influencing the Choice of Photovoltaic Structure
Selecting the right structure should be well thought out and tailored to the specific installation conditions. Below are the key criteria to consider:
Type and Characteristics of the Roof
- Sloped Roof: The structure must be stable and durable to withstand environmental loads. It is also important that the mounting system does not damage the roofing material.
- Flat Roof: The structure should allow for flexible panel placement at an angle that ensures maximum energy efficiency.
Weather Conditions
In regions with strong winds or heavy snowfall, it is necessary to use durable structures resistant to mechanical loads, such as snow or wind gusts.
Type of Photovoltaic Panels
The structure must be compatible with the dimensions, weight, and type of panels (monocrystalline, polycrystalline, thin-film). The structure’s durability should guarantee stable mounting for many years.
Material of the Structure
The most commonly used materials include:
- Galvanized Steel: An economical solution with high corrosion resistance due to a zinc coating.
- Aluminum: Lightweight, weather-resistant, and easy to install.
- Stainless Steel: The most durable and corrosion-resistant option, though more expensive.
- Anti-Corrosion Coated Steel (e.g., Magnelis, Posmac, Zamex): An innovative solution offering exceptional protection against corrosion even in extreme environmental conditions. These coatings provide significantly higher corrosion resistance than traditional galvanized steel and are an excellent choice for ground installations exposed to high humidity or saline contact.
Cost and Quality
The price of the structure depends on the material, design, and manufacturer. It is worth investing in robust solutions that ensure the durability and efficiency of the system for years. Comparing offers from different suppliers can help find the best price-to-quality ratio.
Why Invest in a High-Quality Photovoltaic Structure?
A well-designed structure is the foundation of a stable and efficient PV installation. It ensures the correct mounting of panels and protects them from mechanical damage and environmental factors. Structures made from modern materials, such as anti-corrosion coated steel, are especially recommended in locations exposed to harsh environmental conditions.
By investing in a high-quality structure, you gain the assurance that your photovoltaic system will operate efficiently for many years. Using appropriate materials and tailoring the structure to local conditions helps avoid corrosion-related issues, resulting in lower maintenance costs and longer system lifespan. This translates to long-term savings and increased safety.
